SEN’S APPROACH OF POPULATION

INTRODUCTION:- Amartya Sen, (born November 3, 1933, Santiniketan, India), Indian economist who was awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to the welfare and social choice theory and for his interest in the problems of society’s poorest members. Sen was best known for his work on the causes of famine, which led to the development of practical solutions for preventing or limiting the effects of real or perceived shortages of food. Sen’s approach regarding population growth is not executed in proper theory rather it is the basic idea that Amartya Sen has given regarding population control in the society. His approach is mainly based on economic as well as social development with special emphasis on eliminating inequality between men and women mainly in developing countries like India.

AMARTYA SEN’S APPROACH REGARDING POPULATION:-Amartya Sen never contributed directly to the told of population geography. But if we see all his writings are mainly based on the welfare of the poor people of our society. He mainly wrote regarding how their condition in society may be developed. According to Sen to control the overgrowing population, we have to focus on the social and economic development of the society. Because with development in the society and primarily of the poor people will lead them to reduce their participation in producing more number of children which will result in controlling the overgrowing population. Development is the best contraception based on which Amartya Sen has given his approach in which he proposed how we can control the population growth from the society. 

     Regarding population growth is not executed in proper theory rather it is the basic idea that Amartya Sen has given regarding population control in the society. 

    In a conference named ICPD (International conference on population and development) which was held in Bucharest, Europe. Noble laureate Amartya Sen stresses empowering role of education and need. Schooling, he said, could be central to human development, in general, and human security, in particular, for several distinct reasons. He also focused on the importance of women's education in controlling population growth. Lack of schooling could lead directly to insecurities by distancing the deprived of ways and means of resisting and overcoming deprivation. There was the extensive evidence that the schooling of girls could have a strong downward impact on the fertility rate. The use of contraceptives, as well as decisions to have more children, seemed to respond well to the educational level of young women. There was also much evidence that women’s education and literacy tended to reduce the mortality rates of children. The influence of young women on family decisions was vast, he continued. Considerable evidence showed that women’s education Page | 14 and literacy reduced child mortality rates and fertility rates. Schooling’s impact on both individual empowerment and social decision-making should not be underestimated. Education not only expanded our capabilities and enhanced our values; it also fostered our ability to reason. Education’s nature and content had a profound impact on a person’s identity and perception of others. In the classroom, students could learn to become more narrow-minded, bellicose, and intolerant, as well as more adept at reasoning with judgment and humanity. 

CONCLUSION:- So, from the above writings it can be concluded that Amartya Sen majorly focused on social and economic development with special emphasis on women's education which will further change the mind of people which will result in controlling population growth. Sen has given the greatest strategic importance to the expansion of health and education especially primary health and education in the process of economic development for having influences that go much beyond the immediate personal effects. Sen is especially worried about the fact that the agency of women as a force for change is one of the most neglected aspects of the development literature. Inequality between men and women is one of the most crucial disparities and social failures in many societies including India and it would not decline automatically with the process of economic growth. Recognition of women as an agent of social change is essentially needed for which specific focus should be given on the women sector in the process of human development efforts. Conclusively, Amartya Sen, more than just an economist, is an ethical philosopher. He is a lover of freedom and a humanist. He has focused on the poor, viewing them not as objects of pity requiring charitable handouts, but as disempowered fold needing empowerment, education, health, nutrition gender equality, a safety net in times of distress, all are needed to empower people.